Oil burner



y 1938. M. BRITTAIN 2,118,698

OIL BURNER Filed May 21, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet l ATTORNEYS May 24, 1938. M, BRlTTAlN I 2,118,698

' OIL BURNER Filed May 21, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR ATTORNEYS Patented May 24, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Application May 21,

1 Claim.

The invention relates to a burner construction and more especially to an oil burner.

The primary object of the invention is to provide a burner of this character, wherein a trough is arranged therein for receiving oil preheated so that this oil will be conveyed to a mixing chamber at the tip of the burner nozzle, the oil being advanced in the trough through heated air and a vacuum as created in the nozzle thus a proper mixture of oil, hot air and steam is assured for a burning fuel without creating black smoke and assuring perfect combustion, a saving in oil and resultant uniform heat in a fire box of a locomotive or other fired apparatus.

Another object of the invention is to provide a burner of this character, wherein the same involves means for efiectively preheating the oil and the air and to deliver the requisite amount of preheated oil to the steam prior to the latter reaching the burner nozzle tip or the steam discharge tip of such burner, the supply of air to the burner being taken from the atomizer and heated before mixture with the oil and steam at the flame tip of the burner nozzle.

A further object of the invention is to provide a burner of this character, wherein the construction thereof enables the oil to be broken up with hot air and steam prior to consumption,

With these and other objects in view, the invention consists in the features of construction, combination and arrangement of parts as will be hereinafter more fully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, which disclose the preferred embodiment of the invention and pointed out in the claim hereunto appended.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a top plan view of a burner constructed in accordance with the invention.

Figure 2 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view through the burner.

Figure 3 is a rear elevation.

Figure 4 is a sectional view on the line 4-4 of Figure 2 looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 5 is a sectional view on the line 5-5 of Figure 2 looking in the direction of the arrows.

Similar reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views in the drawings.

Referring to the drawings in detail, A designates generally the burner constructed in accordance with the invention and includes a tube-like burner nozzle Ill having an outwardly tapered contracted burner end formed with a flared side Walled mouth I2 constituting a mixing chamber l3, the other end of this nozzle being fitted 1936, Serial No. 81,086

with a plug M which is adjustable and carries a steam jet I5 which is provided at the end next to the mouth l2 with an outwardly tapered atomizing tip Hi. This atomizer is adapted for connection with the steam system of a locomotive and through the instrumentality of the plug M such jet I5 is readily adjustable within the nozzle ID to change the position of its tip IS with respect to the mouth It and the mixing chamber 3 provided thereby.

Above the mixing chamber I3 is an oil bowl I! having a central vertical discharge colume l8 while about this column is the chamber I9 for oil content of such bowl. removable top or cap formed with a center vent 2|, the cap or top being detachably fitted in the upper open end of the bowl I! in any desirable manner.

The bowl I! is joined with a tubular conduit 22 which opens through the outer side wall of 2" said bowl H and through the medium of a substantially T-shaped union 23 and a nipple 24, respectively, is joined with the nozzle In, the nipple 24 being vertical and closed at its upper end 25. This T-shaped union 23 has suitable connection with an oil supply (not shown) so that such supply will be delivered through the conduit 22 into the bowl in the operation of the burner.

The column |8 within the bowl l1 terminates short of the top or cap 20 and opens at its top end into the chamber l9 and at its bottom end in the direction of the mouth I2 while the upper open end of said column l8 has formed therein diametrically opposite substantially V-shaped notches 26 so that oil may flow through these notches 26 into the column l8 and drop into the mouth l2 where it will be ignited in the operation.

Within the conduit 22 is arelatively small oil delivery pipe 21 carrying at opposite ends the elbows 28 and 29, respectively, the latter being connected by a nipple 30 mounted in the closed end of the nipple 24 for communication with the nozzle I0.

On opposite sides of the conduit 22 and in spaced parallel relation thereto are air inlet pipes 3|, these being fitted in vertical offsets 32 formed on the bowl exteriorly thereof having the vertical passages 33 with which pipes 3| communicate while on the ends of pipes 3| remote from the ofisets 32 are perforated air inlet heads 34 for the admission of air from the atmosphere into the pipes 3|. Leading from the offsets 32 beneath the said pipes 3| are air delivery pipes 35, these being parallel with and spaced from the said pipes 3| and from a T-shaped union 36 The bowl H has a having communication by a nipple 31 with the nozzle Ill close to the plug l4 adjustably fitting the same.

The union 23 is formed with brackets 38, these supporting the pipes 3| at the rear portion of the burner.

Superimposed upon the top portion of the jet I5 is an oil trough 39 which extends from a point forward of the nipple 31 to a point 40 slightly protruding beyond the atomizer tip I'B. This trough 39 is positioned for receiving oil from the pipe 2'! taken from the chamber IS in the bowl I! and delivers such oil to the mouth 12 forwardly of the atomizer tip l6, the oil being drawn forwardly in the nozzle l through the trough 39 by vacuum created under the action of the atomizer tip [6 and this oil mixes with the steam from the atomizer l and hot air within the nozzle ID to assure a perfect combustion of the fuel when the burner is operated and a minimum consumption of oil at the mouth l2.

Threaded in the nozzle l0 forwardly thereof are set screws 4| which center the atomizer l5 within the said nozzle l9 and also engage with the trough 39 as will appear from Figure 2 of the drawings.

The lower ends of the passages 33 in offsets 32 are fitted with closure plugs 42 which when removed will permit the convenient cleaning of the passages 33.

The nozzle l0 and the conduit 22 are readily cleaned when the occasion requires as the plug M can be removed from the nozzle Ill and the bowl I! removed from the conduit 22 or the said conduit may be detached from the union 23 should this be required.

A burner of this character will afford maximum heat with a minimum consumption of fuel and is so constructed that the nozzle will be fed with the proper mixture of steam, air and oil at all times and especially when the locomotive is at rest and not requiring a large quantity of steam in its boiler. In the working of the burner black smoke will be eliminated or reduced to a minimum within the fire chamber of the boiler.

The oil flowing through the conduit 22 and into the bowl I! will be preheated at the flame mouth I2 and likewise the air admitted to pipes 3| and delivered through pipes 35 to the nozzle I0 taken from the atmosphere will be heated so that hot air will be present within the nozzle and the steam jet l5 will also function to heat this air prior to the mixing of the hot air with the preheated oil so that a perfect working of the burner is assured when in service. The oil within the trough 39 has a positive flow in the direction of the mixing chamber [3 constituted by the mouth [2 of said burner.

What is claimed is:

An oil burner comprising a tube-like burner nozzle having a tip formed with a side walled flared mouth constituting a mixing chamber, a

plug adjustably fitted in said nozzle at the end remote from the tip, a steam jet pipe passed through the plug into the said nozzle and having a tip within the tip of said nozzle, means engaged in said nozzle for adjusting the jet pipe,

an oil trough superimposed upon said jet pipe and having an inclined end overhanging the tip of said jet pipe, an oil bowl above the mixing chamber and having a central vertical discharge column and a vented cap above said column, said oil bowl being provided with air heating passages in its side wall, a tubular conduit leading to the bowl and connected with the said burner nozzle, an oil delivery pipe extended through the conduit into the bowl and into the nozzle through the connection of the conduit therewith and terminating above the trough within said nozzle, air inlet pipes arranged at opposite sides of the conduit and opening from the atmosphere into the said air heating passages, and air delivery pipes parallel with the air inlet pipes and leading from the said bowl into the nozzle at a point rearwardly from the trough therein for the delivery of preheated air into the said nozzle.

MONROE BRIT'IAIN. 

